Materials characterization techniques are used in quality and assurance programs, i.e., processes of verification, quality management and contamination reduction. These include the integral parts of the material production and processes for development of new materials. Therefore, characterization techniques and production/development processes are equally important. This course aims to provide the foundation of knowledge about working principles and key concepts in modern instrumentation for materials characterization and their applications to engineering and scientific problems appearing at production and development of materials, nanomaterials, solid state devices and nanodevices. This knowledge guides the students to select suitable analysis techniques to identify the problems in above processes, to recognize the product quality and/or feedback the analysis data to the material processing.