The course provides both fundamental and practical knowledge on sensors and instrumentation techniques suitable for a wide array of scientific and engineering disciplines. Emphasis will be placed on fundamentals but at a level appropriate for the senior undergraduate. Design for both the Applied Physics and Materials Engineering programs, this course addresses the essential area of measurement, including noise mechanisms, sampling theory, and the design of modern instrumentation. Upon completion of the course, students will be able to take better measurements through understanding the inner workings of the instrument and be able to pick the best machine for a given performance target. This is relevant to many areas including electronics, photonics, microscopy, and material characterization. Since the course is tailored for physics and materials science students, it does not require extensive knowledge in electrical engineering and computer programming. In a world where measurement and signal processing systems are wide-spread, this course provides students with the crucial framework to examine the integrity of data and to design various equipment used in industrial, medical, and consumer applications.