Traditional animation was the primary technique used for most animated films in the 20th century. It is a time-based medium that combines art and science to deliver emotional experiences. It not only captures, represents, and transcends motion as an art form but also serves as the foundation for other time-based and interactive media such as 2D and 3D computer animation, digital film, digital visual effects, motion graphics, VR/AR/MR/XR, and UI/UX design today. This course covers the fundamental aspects of animation from traditional to contemporary methods, examining each from theoretical and practical perspectives. Students will explore and comprehend animation's history, concepts, principles, arts, aesthetics, creative research, pre-production, documentation, production, post-production processes, animation methodologies, and technical knowledge. Additionally, students must demonstrate their understanding of animation as a storytelling, communication, and emotional experience medium by visually and aurally delivering their ideas through 2D frame-by-frame hand-drawn animation, cut-out animation, rotoscoping, pixelation, and stop-motion animation.