Special Feature
Powering ahead to the 6G Era 薪火相傳 研發6G太赫茲通訊
The University's leading antenna researchers are driving forward both mobile communications and young academic talents of the future天線領域權威學者,挑戰流動通訊新任務,培育優秀科研人才
陳志豪教授(左二)
Department of Electrical Engineering
電機工程學系講座教授
Director, State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves
太赫茲及毫米波國家重點實驗室主任
陸貴文教授(右二)
Department of Electrical Engineering
電機工程學系前系主任及講座教授
Founding Director, State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves
太赫茲及毫米波國家重點實驗室原主任
黃衡博士(左)
電機工程學系副教授
Member, State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves
太赫茲及毫米波國家重點實驗室成員
BEng (Hons) Electronic Engineering; MPhil Electronic Engineering
PhD Electronic Engineering
電子工程學榮譽工學士、哲學碩士(電子工程學)、哲學博士(電子工程學)
岑鑑文博士(右)
太赫茲及毫米波國家重點實驗室技術經理
BEng (Hons) Electronic Engineering; MPhil Electronic Engineering
PhD Electronic Engineering
電子工程學榮譽工學士、哲學碩士(電子工程學)、哲學博士(電子工程學)
Fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks are still awaiting widespread roll-out around the world. Yet engineers at CityU are already looking further into the future, with research and development into sixth-generation (6G) technology well underway.
Professor Luk Kwai-man is Chair Professor of CityU's Department of Electrical Engineering and Founding Director of the State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves. Since joining the Department in 1984, he has led the innovation and technology team, establishing and consolidating CityU's front-running place in international academia in the field, together with fellow Chair Professor Chan Chi-hou, who is also the current Laboratory Director.
Technology for 6G and beyond uses the terahertz (0.1-10THz) spectrum, which has even shorter frequencies than microwaves and millimeter waves, making it superior to 5G in numerous ways, including internet capacity, transfer speed, indoor positional accuracy, and others. For example, 6G and beyond transfer speed can be expected to reach up to 1 terabyte per second, which is 100 times faster than the 5G transfer speed of 10 gigabits per second.
With global industry leaders and academic experts now laying out research goals for this new terahertz communications standard, it is estimated that 6G technology could be officially launched internationally in 2030.
Over the years, the University's electrical engineering researchers have designed and developed tiny antenna that are not only suitable size-wise for mobile devices but also greatly increase transfer speed and data capacity.
實驗室及其團隊歷年來研發各種適用於通訊用的天線,不僅體積愈見纖小,而且傳輸速度和數據量均大大提升。
International antenna expertise
The State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves is Hong Kong's first State Key Laboratory related to engineering, with its core areas of research including antenna design, radio frequency integrated circuits, and fast computing methods. It was established at CityU in 2008, following approval by the Ministry of Science and Technology.
6G mobile communication technology will use the terahertz frequency to carry out digital data transfer and location positioning, bringing about a paradigm shift in modern lifestyles
Professor Chan Chi-hou |
“It also has a wide range of applications and will mean that 6G wireless internet is no longer confined to the ground. It makes wireless connections possible on the ground, through satellite, and in-flight and, in addition, can be integrated with artificial intelligence and machine learning at a deeper level. By using the positioning system of terahertz technology, GPS and multi-point positioning will enjoy higher precision. 6G technology will also respond well to the needs of the internet of things regarding accurate positioning. For example, autonomous driving can be made safer and more reliable.”
From microwaves and millimeter waves to terahertz today, we continue to research technology that will answer the needs of society 10 years from now
Professor Luk Kwai-man |
Supportive research environment
In doing so, Professor Chan noted CityU's inspiring research environment for faculty and students, encouraging pioneering work and providing the flexibility to carry it out over the different stages of discovery and development.This proactive approach had played a vital part in creating the conditions for the Laboratory to lead the way, given that communications technology progresses at such a rapid pace and research has to both keep up and stay ahead of the times. “In such a case, support is required in the form of forward-looking insight that can perceive the industry's needs over the long term and investment in research resources in new areas before anyone else,” Professor Chan said.
”CityU has continuously enabled this by upholding its tradition for innovative research and allocating funds to purchase cutting-edge devices and equipment so that the Laboratory is ready for future developments. This has allowed us to seize every opportunity and to secure our position at the communications industry forefront.”
Sustainable talent pool
Sustainable research endeavour is another key aspect of the CityU outlook, with emphasis on recruiting talents through different channels, cultivating them through career development, and giving them the chance to shine so that all team members have the opportunity to become leading experts in their research areas.In the 1990s, Professors Luk and Chan each took charge of guiding one CityU postgraduate student – Dr Steve Wong Hang and Dr Keeson Shum Kam-man – through their dissertations. After obtaining their master's and PhD degrees, Drs Wong and Shum remained with the Laboratory, forming the nucleus of a top young research group and providing a sterling example of the strong supervisor-student bonds at CityU and the significance placed on knowledge transfer to the next generation by the Department of Electrical Engineering.
For Drs Wong and Shum, the CityU approach and their two mentors' training and encouragement have enabled them to achieve their career dreams. “Antenna research combines intellectual curiosity with know-how in design, engineering, and art,” Dr Wong said. “While the research process is full of challenges, at the same time, it brings great satisfaction.”
Dr Shum added: “The team will continue to maintain the Department of Electrical Engineering's creed of farsightedness and creativity when investigating how antenna design can be applied to other areas of mobile communications.”
Both also aim to transfer this tradition, established in the founding days of the Department over 30 years ago, to their own acolytes so that future young antenna explorers are equally well supported in their quest for top achievement.
Signalling changing times
For now, though, the team's major focus is advancing the 6G world to come. “We have already successfully used lower-cost 3D printing technology to produce lens antenna that 0.3 terahertz can run on,” Professor Chan said. “We expect these techniques to see widespread use in 6G and next-generation communications technology in the near future, enabling a smart lifestyle that will benefit everyone.”
第五代流動通訊技術(5G)在全球應用尚在起步階段之際,幾位城大科學家早已昂然開展第六代流動通訊技術(6G)的研究,並取得豐碩成果。6G技術採用太赫茲頻段(0.1-10THz),其頻率比微波及毫米波更高(波長更短),在網絡容量、傳輸速度、室內定位精準度等方面都較5G優勝。以傳輸速度為例,最高可望達每秒1Tb,即比5G的每秒10G高出100倍。專家估計,6G技術可望於2030年正式面世,世界各地的業界翹楚及學術權威,均已為太赫茲技術的通訊標準,訂下了明確的科研目標。
陸貴文教授為城大電機工程學系講座教授,並為太赫茲及毫米波國家重點實驗室的原主任,早於1984年加入電機工程系,與同為學系講座教授、現任實驗室主任的陳志豪教授,一直帶領團隊走在通訊科研最前線,為城大建立鞏固的國際學術地位。兩人在90年代末,已分別擔任兩位得意博士門生黃衡博士及岑鑑文博士的本科畢業論文的指導教授,並鼓勵他們忠於個人興趣投身學術研究。黃、岑兩位後起新秀在城大取得碩士及博士後,繼續於太赫茲及毫米波國家重點實驗室供職,接棒成為新梯隊。他們深厚的師生情誼和淵源,為城大電機工程學系譜寫了一段薪火相傳的動人章節。
未來的6G流動通訊技術將採用太赫茲頻段進行數據傳輸,為現代人的生活模式帶來顛覆性轉變
陳志豪教授 |
蜚聲國際的天線設計專家
陸貴文教授給我們介紹,太赫茲及毫米波國家重點實驗室乃國家科學科技部於2008年批准成立,是香港首家在工程領域方面的國家重點實驗室,主力拓展毫米波及太赫茲技術的應用及發展,核心研究領域包括天線設計、射頻集成電路及快速運算法。陸教授說:「太赫茲波是介於微波與紅外線間的電磁波,通訊業界之所以對太赫茲如此看重,原因是太赫茲將為6G以至7G通訊的技術奠下基礎,可讓6G無線網絡不再局限於地面,從而實現地面、衛星和機載通訊的無縫連接,並可與人工智能、機器學習深度地融合,其應用層面極為廣泛。加上採用太赫茲的定位系統,精準度比傳統的GPS和蜂窩多點定位更高,6G技術將足以支援物聯網設備的準確定位需求,例如無人駕駛將變得更安全可靠。」
CityU's Department of Electrical Engineering has led the way in novel antenna technology for 30 years, adding to the University's prestige in international academia.
城大電機工程系過去30年來一直以天線研究領域在國際學術界享負盛名,帶領全球天線技術的創新發展。
城大全方位鼓勵科創研究並建立可持續人才庫
陳志豪教授並指出,城大多年來積極鼓勵師生從事科創研究,透過為項目提供配對資助,為不同時期發展注入靈活性。另一方面,城大亦相當重視學術研究上的可持續發展,包括從不同途徑招攬人才,加以悉心培訓並給予發揮機會,讓每位成員都能在其專屬領域之中,成為獨當一面的專家。他說:「除此之外,通訊技術日新月異,科研項目不僅要與時並進,更要具有前瞻性的洞察力,以看準工商業界的長遠發展趨勢,快人一步投入研發資源,才能早著先機,穩佔龍頭位置。城大多年來秉持尊重及支持科創研究的傳統,包括斥資為實驗室添置最頂尖的測試儀器和設備,為未來發展奠下基石。」
由微波及毫米波,到今天的太赫茲,自80年代以來,我們的科研技術均研究未來10年之後社會的需要
陸貴文教授 |
作為全球太赫茲天線的前沿領導者,展望將來,陳志豪教授透露,團隊現時正重點研發不同類型太赫茲天線的設計和應用。他解釋:「我們會繼續與城大不同研究領域的學者合作和交流,以發掘更多共同研發的可能性。我們已成功運用成本較低的3D打印技術,製造工作於0.3太赫茲透鏡天線,期望在不久的將來,這些技術都能被廣泛採用在6G及往後的通訊技術之上,讓智能化生活開創人類福祉的新一頁。」
Milestones of CityU's Department of Electrical Engineering Research Team
城大電機工程系研究團隊的里程碑
2019 | Prize for Scientific and Technological Progress, Ho Leung Ho Lee Foundation | |
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Distinguished Alumni Award, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | ||
IEEE AP-S Harrington-Mittra Computational Electromagnetics Award | ||
2018 | Fellow, UK Royal Academy of Engineering | |
2017 | IEEE AP-S John Kraus Antenna Award | |
Research objectives for THz source generation in “A Compact System for Terahertz Imaging and Spectroscopy”, funded by Hong Kong Research Grants Council's Theme-based Research Scheme (HK$28M, Jan 2017-Dec 2021) | ||
2016 | Higher Education Outstanding Scientific Research Output Awards (Science and Technology), Natural Science Award (First Class), Ministry of Education | |
Integrated wave manipulation technology into 3D printed antennas, funded by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China (HK$11M) | ||
2013 | “60 GHz RFIC Transceiver for Short Range Instant Massive Data Sharing”, funded by ITC, industry, and CityU (HK$24M, Jun 2013-Feb 2015) | |
2011 | State Technological Invention Award (Second Class) | |
“Smart Base Station Antennas for New Generation Broadband Mobile Communications”, funded by ITC, industry, and CityU (HK$16.4M, Feb 2011-Jan 2013) | ||
2006 | Invention of the magneto-electric dipole antenna | |
2003 | World's first edited book on dielectric resonator antenna | |